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Mary's title of <i>stella maris</i> was first proposed by St. Jerome, in his treatise <i>Liber de nominibus hebraicis</i> (probably around AD 390), in which he explains the etymology of Hebrew names. He quotes unidentified sources as explaining the name of Mary as <i>smyrna maris</i>, literally <i>bitterness of the sea</i>. The Hebrew word <i>miriam</i> indeed refers to bitterness - it is explained as such in the anonymous Jewish account <i>The life of Moses</i>. St. Jerome dismisses the 'bitter' etymology, however, and proposes to change her title to <i>stella</i> maris. In order to justify his proposal, he quotes <i>Syrus</i>, most likely his contemporary St. Ephraem Syrus, who had insisted on Mary's status as <i>domina</i> or mistress.
Mary's title of <i>stella maris</i> was first proposed by St. Jerome, in his treatise <i>Liber de nominibus hebraicis</i> (probably around AD 390), in which he explains the etymology of Hebrew names. He quotes unidentified sources as explaining the name of Mary as <i>smyrna maris</i>, literally <i>bitterness of the sea</i>. The Hebrew word <i>miriam</i> indeed refers to bitterness - it is explained as such in the anonymous Jewish account <i>The life of Moses</i>. St. Jerome dismisses the 'bitter' etymology, however, and proposes to change her title to <i>stella</i> maris. In order to justify his proposal, he quotes <i>Syrus</i>, most likely his contemporary St. Ephraem Syrus, who had insisted on Mary's status as <i>domina</i> or mistress.
{{WikipediaLink}}
{{WikipediaLink}}
==Settings by composers==
==Settings by composers==
{{Top}}
{{Top}}
*[[Anonymous]]
*Anonymous
**[[Ave maris stella (Gregorian chant)|Gregorian chant]]
**[[Ave maris stella (Gregorian chant)|Gregorian chant]]
**[[Ave maris stella I (Anonymous)|First setting]] SATB  
**[[Ave maris stella I (Anonymous)|in style of 19c hymn]] SATB  
**[[Ave maris stella II (Anonymous)|Second setting]] TTT  
**[[Ave maris stella II (Anonymous)|unidentified ''ars antiqua'' (13c?)]] TTT  
**[[Ave maris stella III (Anonymous)|Third setting]] STT
**[[Ave maris stella III (Anonymous)|Trent 91, 1470's]] STT
**[[Ave maris stella IV (Anonymous)|Fourth setting]] TBBB  
**[[Ave maris stella IV (Anonymous)|Trent 88, c. 1460]] TBBB  
**[[Ave maris stella V (Anonymous)|Fifth setting]] SATB
**[[Ave maris stella V (Anonymous)|Trent 89, 1460's]] SATB
**[[Ave maris stella VI (Anonymous)|Sixth setting]] STB
**[[Ave maris stella VI (Anonymous)|Trent 89, 1460's]] STB
*[[Ave maris stella (Francisco Alcantar)|Francisco Alcantar]] SSA & organ
*[[Ave maris stella (Francisco Alcantar)|Francisco Alcantar]] SSA & organ
*[[Ave maris stella (Felice Anerio)|Felice Anerio]] SATB {{Broken}}
*[[Ave maris stella (Felice Anerio)|Felice Anerio]] SATB (single verse)
*[[Giovanni Matteo Asola]]
*[[Giovanni Matteo Asola]]
**[[Ave maris stella (odd verses) (Giovanni Matteo Asola)|odd verses]] ATBarB
**[[Ave maris stella (odd verses) (Giovanni Matteo Asola)|odd verses]] ATBarB
**[[Ave maris stella (even verses) (Giovanni Matteo Asola)|even verses]] ATTB
**[[Ave maris stella (even verses) (Giovanni Matteo Asola)|even verses]] ATTB
**[[Ave maris stella a 8 (Giovanni Matteo Asola)|complete]] AAATTTBB
*[[Ave maris stella (Giovanni Biordi)|Giovanni Biordi]] SATB
*[[Ave maris stella (Giovanni Biordi)|Giovanni Biordi]] SATB
*[[Ave maris stella (William Byrd)|William Byrd]] ATB
*[[Ave maris stella (William Byrd)|William Byrd]] ATB
*[[Ave maris stella (Francesco Cavalli)|Francesco Cavalli]] ATB & bc, ritornello for 2 treble instruments
*[[Ave Maris Stella (Mark_Chapman)|Mark Chapman]] SATB (in D) or AABarB (in C)
*[[Ave Maris Stella (Mark_Chapman)|Mark Chapman]] SATB (in D) or AABarB (in C)
*[[Ave maris stella H 67 (Marc-Antoine Charpentier)|Marc-Antoine Charpentier]] SATBBB (even verses)
*[[Ave maris stella H 67 (Marc-Antoine Charpentier)|Marc-Antoine Charpentier]] (even verses) SATBBB & bc
*[[Ave maris stella (Giovanni Carlo Maria Clari)|Carlo Maria Clari]] SATB
*[[Ave maris stella (Giovanni Carlo Maria Clari)|Carlo Maria Clari]] SATB, 2 violins, & bc
*[[Ave maris stella (Léo Delibes)|Léo Delibes]] SA
*[[Ave maris stella (Léo Delibes)|Léo Delibes]] SA & organ (vv. 1,3,4)
*[[Ave Maris Stella (Josquin des Prez)| Josquin des Prez]] SATB
*[[ave maris stella/ Virgo singularis (Benedictus Ducis)|Benedictus Ducis]] (complete, in two parts) AATTBB
*[[Ave maris stella (Guillaume Dufay)| Guillaume Dufay]] SAB or STB
*[[Ave maris stella (Guillaume Dufay)| Guillaume Dufay]] SAB or STB
*[[Ave maris stella (Sebastián Durón)| Sebastián Durón]] SSAT.SATB
*[[Ave maris stella (Sebastián Durón)| Sebastián Durón]] SSAT.SATB & bc
*[[Ave maris stella (Antonín Dvořák)|Antonín Dvořák]] A or B
*[[Ave maris stella (Antonín Dvořák)|Antonín Dvořák]] A or B & organ
*[[Ave maris stella (Edward Elgar)|Edward Elgar]] SATB
*[[Ave maris stella (Edward Elgar)|Edward Elgar]] SATB & organ
*[[Ave maris stella (Caspar Ett)|Caspar Ett]] ATTB or SATB
*[[Ave maris stella (Caspar Ett)|Caspar Ett <small>(ST MARTIN 66.66)</small>]] unison, ATTB or SATB
*[[Ave maris stella (Mariano Garau)|Mariano Garau]] SAB
*[[Ave maris stella (Mariano Garau)|Mariano Garau]] SAB
*[[Ave maris stella (Cristian Gentilini)|Cristian Gentilini]] SATB
*[[Ave maris stella (Cristian Gentilini)|Cristian Gentilini]] SATB
*[[Virgo singularis (Charles Gounod)]] unmixed vv. or TTBB, organ ad lib. (verses 5 & 6)
*[[Ave maris stella (Edvard Grieg)|Edvard Grieg]] SSAATTBB
*[[Ave maris stella (Edvard Grieg)|Edvard Grieg]] SSAATTBB
*[[Ave maris stella (Hans Leo Hassler)|Hans Leo Hassler]] SATB (even verses)
*[[Ave maris stella (Hans Leo Hassler)|Hans Leo Hassler]] SATB (even verses)
*[[Ave maris stella (Václav Emanuel Horák)|Václav Emanuel Horák]] SATB & organ
*[[Ave maris stella (Jacquet de Mantua)|Jacquet de Mantua]] SATB (vv. 2,4), SATTB (v. 6)
*[[Ave maris stella (Josquin des Prez)| Josquin des Prez]] SATB
{{Middle}}
{{Middle}}
*[[Ave maris stella (Václav Emanuel Horák)|Václav Emanuel Horák]] SATB
*[[Ave maris stella (Orlando di Lasso)|Orlando di Lasso]] ATBB
*[[Ave maris stella (Orlando di Lasso)|Orlando di Lasso]] ATBB
*[[Ave maris stella (Franz Liszt)|Franz Liszt]] SATB organ
*[[Ave maris stella (José Lidón)|José Lidón]] SATB, 4-part strings
*[[Ave maris stella, S. 34 (Franz Liszt)|Franz Liszt]] SATB organ
*[[Ave maris stella (Abel Di Marco)|Abel Di Marco]] SATB
*[[Ave maris stella (Abel Di Marco)|Abel Di Marco]] SATB
*[[Ave maris stella (Joseph Mohr)|Joseph Mohr]] SATB
*[[Ave maris stella (Joseph Mohr)|Joseph Mohr]] SATB
*[[Ave maris stella (Cristoforo Montemayor)|Cristoforo Montemayor]] SATTB
*[[Ave maris stella (Cristoforo Montemayor)|Cristoforo Montemayor]] SATTB
*[[Ave maris stella (Claudio Monteverdi)|Claudio Monteverdi]] SATB.SATB, STTB.STTB & SATB
*[[Vespro della Beata Vergine (Claudio Monteverdi)|Claudio Monteverdi]] SATB.SATB & bc, with instruments
*[[José Maurício Nunes Garcia]]
*[[José Maurício Nunes Garcia]]
**[[Ave maris stella I (José Maurício Nunes Garcia)|I]] SATB
**[[Ave maris stella I (José Maurício Nunes Garcia)|I, SATB & orchestra]]
**[[Ave maris stella II (José Maurício Nunes Garcia)|II]] SATB
**[[Ave maris stella II (José Maurício Nunes Garcia)|II, SATB & bc]]
*[[Hymni vespertini X-XX (Josef Ohnewald)|Josef Ohnewald]] SATB (X - all verses; XI - vv.1-2,6-7))
*[[Hymni vespertini (Josef Ohnewald)|Josef Ohnewald]] (X - all verses; XI - vv. 1-2,6-7)) SATB & orchestra
*[[Ave maris stella (Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina)|Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina]] SATB
*[[Ave maris stella (Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina)|Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina]] (odd) SATB
*[[Ave maris stella (Paolo Pandolfo)|Paolo Pandolfo]] SATB & organ
*[[Ave maris stella (Lorenzo Perosi)|Lorenzo Perosi]] SATB
*[[Ave maris stella (Lorenzo Perosi)|Lorenzo Perosi]] SATB
*[[Ave, maris stella (Pascal Picard)|Pascal Picard]] SATBB
*[[Ave, maris stella (Pascal Picard)|Pascal Picard]] SATBB
*[[Ave maris stella (Tim Pratt)|Tim Pratt]] SATB
*[[Ave maris stella (Tim Pratt)|Tim Pratt]] SATB & organ
*[[Ave maris stella, op. 66/25 (Oreste Ravanello)|Oreste Ravanello]] SSA (odd verses)
*[[Ave maris stella (Jacob Regnart)|Jacob Regnart]] SSATB
*[[Ave maris stella (Jacob Regnart)|Jacob Regnart]] SSATB
*[[Ave maris stella (Josef Rheinberger)|Josef Rheinberger]] SATB
*[[Ave maris stella, JWV 161 (Josef Rheinberger)|Josef Rheinberger]] SATB & orchestra
*[[Hail, Lady, Sea-Star Bright (Kathryn Rose)]] SATB  
*[[Ave maris stella (Oscar Santos)|Oscar Santos]] SATB
*[[Ave maris stella (Oscar Santos)|Oscar Santos]] SATB
*[[4 Hymni vespertini (Josef Ignaz Schnabel)|Josef Ignaz Schnabel]] SATB (vv.1-2,6-7)
*[[4 Hymni vespertini (Josef Ignaz Schnabel)|Josef Ignaz Schnabel]] (vv. 1-2,6-7) SATB & orchestra
*[[Ave maris stella (Josep Navarro i Solves)|Josep Navarro i Solves]] STBarB, with STB soli
*[[Ave maris stella (Josep Navarro i Solves)|Josep Navarro i Solves]] STBarB, with STB soli & organ
*[[Ave maris stella (Johannes Nepomuk Skraup)|Johannes Nepomuk Skraup]] SATB
*[[Ave maris stella (Johannes Nepomuk Skraup)|Johannes Nepomuk Skraup]] SATB & organ
*[[Ave maris stella (Francesco Soriano)|Francesco Soriano]] SATB (v.1 only)
*[[Ave maris stella (Francesco Soriano)|Francesco Soriano]] SATB (v. 1 only)
*[[Ave maris stella (Thomas Stoltzer)|Thomas Stoltzer]] ATBB (v.1 only)
*[[Ave maris stella (Johann Stadlmayr)|Johann Stadlmayr]] SATB
*[[Ave maris stella (Thomas Stoltzer)|Thomas Stoltzer]] ATBB (v. 1 only)
*[[Ave maris stella (Jan Pieterszoon Sweelinck)|Jan Pieterszoon Sweelinck]] TTB (1 verse, cantus fermus with canon)
*[[Ave maris stella a 6 (Paolo Teodori)|Paolo Teodori]] SSATTB
*[[Ave maris stella (Hristo Tsanoff)|Hristo Tsanoff]] SSAATTBB
*[[Ave maris stella (Hristo Tsanoff)|Hristo Tsanoff]] SSAATTBB
*[[Ave maris stella (Jacobus Vaet)|Jacobus Vaet]] SSATTB
*[[Ave maris stella (Jacobus Vaet)|Jacobus Vaet]] (even vv. for 4, 3 & 6 voices) SSATTB
*[[Tomás Luis de Victoria]]
*[[Tomás Luis de Victoria]]
**[[Ave maris stella (odd verses) (Tomás Luis de Victoria)|odd verses]] SATB
**[[Ave maris stella (odd verses) (Tomás Luis de Victoria)|odd verses]] SATB
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Tribus honor unus. Amen.
Tribus honor unus. Amen.
}}
}}
{{middle}}
{{mdl|4}}
{{Translation|English|
{{Translation|English|
''by {{User|Allen H. Simon}}''
Hail, star of the sea,
Hail, star of the sea,
loving Mother of God,
loving Mother of God,
Line 146: Line 154:
Glory to Christ in the highest,
Glory to Christ in the highest,
To the Holy Spirit,
To the Holy Spirit,
One honor to all three. Amen.
One honor to all three. Amen.}}
}}
{{Translator|Allen H. Simon}}
{{bottom}}
{{Mdl|4}}
{{top}}
{{Translation|German|
{{Translation|German|
Sei gegrüßt, du Stern des Meeres,
Sei gegrüßt, du Stern des Meeres,
Line 186: Line 193:
ein Lobpreis sei den dreien. Amen.
ein Lobpreis sei den dreien. Amen.
}}
}}
{{middle}}
{{mdl|4}}
{{Translation|French|
{{Translation|French|
Salut, étoile de la mer,
Salut, étoile de la mer,
Line 223: Line 230:
Honneur égal aux Trois. Amen.
Honneur égal aux Trois. Amen.
}}
}}
{{bottom}}
{{btm}}
{{Translation|Hungarian|
{{Translation|Hungarian|
Tengernek csillaga,
Tengernek csillaga,
Line 258: Line 265:
Krisztusnak dicsőség,
Krisztusnak dicsőség,
Szentlélekkel együtt
Szentlélekkel együtt
hármas-egy tisztesség!
hármas-egy tisztesség!}}
}}


==External links==
==External links==

Revision as of 23:06, 27 October 2019

General information

Hymn to the Virgin Mary (8th cent., author anon.)

Liturgical use: Hymn at Vespers on feasts of the Virgin Mary.

Mary's title of stella maris was first proposed by St. Jerome, in his treatise Liber de nominibus hebraicis (probably around AD 390), in which he explains the etymology of Hebrew names. He quotes unidentified sources as explaining the name of Mary as smyrna maris, literally bitterness of the sea. The Hebrew word miriam indeed refers to bitterness - it is explained as such in the anonymous Jewish account The life of Moses. St. Jerome dismisses the 'bitter' etymology, however, and proposes to change her title to stella maris. In order to justify his proposal, he quotes Syrus, most likely his contemporary St. Ephraem Syrus, who had insisted on Mary's status as domina or mistress.

View the Wikipedia article on Ave maris stella.

Settings by composers

Other settings possibly not included in the manual list above

Text and translations

Latin.png Latin text

Ave, maris stella,
Dei Mater alma,
Atque semper Virgo,
Felix caeli porta.

Sumens illud Ave
Gabrielis ore,
Funda nos in pace,
Mutans Evae nomen.

Solve vincla reis,
Profer lumen caecis,
Mala nostra pelle,
Bona cuncta posce

Monstra te esse matrem
Sumat per te preces,
Qui pro nobis natus
Tulit esse tuus.

Virgo singularis,
Inter omnes mitis,
Nos culpis solutos,
Mites fac et castos.

Vitam praesta puram,
Iter para tutum,
Ut videntes Jesum,
Semper collaetemur.

Sit laus Deo Patri,
Summo Christo decus
Spiritui Sancto,
Tribus honor unus. Amen.
 

English.png English translation

Hail, star of the sea,
loving Mother of God,
and also always a virgin,
Happy gate of heaven.

Receiving that Ave
from Gabriel's mouth
confirm us in peace,
Reversing Eva's name.

Break the chains of sinners,
Bring light to the blind,
Drive away our evils,
Ask for all good.

Show yourself to be a mother,
May he accept prayers through you,
he who, born for us,
Chose to be yours.

O unique virgin,
Meek above all,
Make us, absolved from sin,
Gentle and chaste.

Keep life pure,
Make the journey safe,
So that, seeing Jesus,
We may always rejoice together.

Let there be praise to God the Father,
Glory to Christ in the highest,
To the Holy Spirit,
One honor to all three. Amen.

Translation by Allen H. Simon
German.png German translation

Sei gegrüßt, du Stern des Meeres,
gütige Mutter Gottes,
ewige Jungfrau,
sel'ge Himmelspforte.

Die du das Ave empfängst
aus Gabriels Mund
gib uns des Friedens Geist,
kehre Evas Namen um.

Löse aus Banden die Sünder,
erleuchte die Blinden,
unsere Gebrechen nimm hinweg,
alles Gute erwirke für uns.

Erzeige dich als Mutter,
durch dich empfange unser Gebet,
der um unseretwillen
dein Sohn wurde.

Jungfrau, auserkoren,
mild vor allen,
mach uns, von Sünden frei,
mild und keusch.

Gib ein reines Leben,
beschütze unsern Weg,
daß wir einst Jesus sehen
und uns allezeit freuen.

Lob sei Gott, dem Vater,
Ehre sei Christus, dem Allerhöchsten,
und dem Heiligen Geist,
ein Lobpreis sei den dreien. Amen.
 

French.png French translation

Salut, étoile de la mer,
Mère nourricière de Dieu
et toujours Vierge,
heureuse porte du Ciel.

Recevant cet Ave
de la bouche de Gabriel,
affermissez-vous dans la paix
par ce changement du nom d'Eve.

Rompez les liens des pécheurs,
rendez la lumière aux aveugles
éloignez de nous les maux,
obtenez-nous tous les biens.

Montrez-vous mère,
qu'il reçoive de vous<
nos prières celui qui, pour nous,
daigna être votre fils.

Vierge unique,
douce entre toutes,
faites que, délivrés de nos fautes,
nous soyons chastes et purs.

Accordez-nous une vie innocente,
rendez sûrs nos chemins,
afin que, voyant Jésus,
nous goûtions avec vous les joies éternelles.

Louange à Dieu le Père,
gloire au Christ roi
et à l'Esprit-Saint.
Honneur égal aux Trois. Amen.
 

Hungarian.png Hungarian translation

Tengernek csillaga,
Isten édesanyja,
üdvözlégy, mindig szűz,
menny boldog kapuja.

Te, kinek Gábriel
ajka mondott Avé-t,
tégy közöttünk békét,
forditsd Éva nevét!

Szabadíts rabokat,
adj fényt a vakoknak,
űzd el bajainkat,
igényeld javunkat.

Mutasd, hogy anyánk vagy!
Hallja meg imádat,
ki értünk fiaddá
születni nem átallt.

Kiváltságos szent Szűz,
mindenek közt enyhe,
oldd fel bűneinket,
enyhíts, tisztíts minket!

Mosd meg életünket,
készíts el utunkat,
hogy örök örömben
lássuk Jézusunkat!

Istennek dicséret,
Krisztusnak dicsőség,
Szentlélekkel együtt
hármas-egy tisztesség!

External links